Theory of Bernauli
Theory of Bernauli
This theory states that if an incompressible and non - viscous liquid or gas, ie ideal liquid. flows under a linear flow, then the sum of the pressure energy, potential energy and kinetic energy at each point of its position is a constant per unit volume. So if 'P' is the per unit volume pressure energy, p is the density of the liquid, h is the height from the ground, then, according to Bernoulli's principle.
P + 1/2 pV2 + pgh = constant
In fact, Bernoulli's principle is the principle of energy conservation for an ideal liquid.
Viscosity
Most liquid are not ideal and cause impediments to motion this interruption of fluid motion is like internal friction. the property of liquid, due to which the fluid opposes the relative motion in its different layers, is called viscosity. Viscosity force occurs when there is relative motion between the surface of the fluid. Suppose a liquid like oil is trapped between two gases plates. Keeping the lower plate stationary, drive the top plate with a constant viscosity V. If honey is replaced instead of oil, more force will be required to run the plate at the same speed.
Surface Tension
The independent surface of each fluid exhibits a tendency to shrink and assume a minimum area, due to this tendency of the fluids their independent surface behaves like a tensioned membrane, this tension present on the independent surface of the fluid is called Surface tension.
Capillarity
The word capilla in Latin means 'hair' . It is the ability of a liquid to flow through a thin space. The phenomenon of rice and fall of fluid in the capillary tube is called capillarity. this property of fluid is due to surface tension. If a liquid rises up to h height or descends to a depth in a capillary and has a tangent angle.
(1.) The height will be higher when the surface tension is high.
(2.) The height will be higher when the tactile angle is reduced.
(3.) The height will be higher when the radius of of the capillary
is reduced.
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